ISS Zenithal Pass
Taken by Bob Beal on July 9, 2025 @ St. George, Utah, USA
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During astronomical twilight this morning the ISS made an overhead pass missing the zenith by <1 degree. I thought it would be neat to compare the camera's fisheye view with the map of the ISS's path at heavens-above.com. They should compare pretty exactly, and they did.

The photo spans about a 10-minute interval. The camera was on a tracker so the stars are sharp but the town lights should be trailed, right? But I took some early practice shots (to test for exposure times) with the tracker off and used those to composite sharp town lights around the east and west edges. The individual frames were taken in burst mode with dark-frame subtraction turned off to minimize the gaps between them, but that meant dotting the resultant stacked photo afterwards to remove hot pixels.

Photo data:
Panasonic GX8, Laowa 4mm 220°-fisheye, iOptron SkyTracker Pro
... 37 frames x (f/4, 15 sec, ISO 400) = 9 min 15 sec
... software: startrails.exe, PSP 2023 ... date: July 9, 2025 5:00-5:10am MDT (dawn mid-astronomical twilight)

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